Egulation of Brain Aquaporins

نویسنده

A. APERIA

چکیده

bstract—Emerging evidence suggests that brain aquaporns (AQP) play important roles for the dynamic regulation of rain water homeostasis and for the regulation of cerebropinal fluid production. This review deals with the shortand ong-term regulation of AQP4 and AQP9, both expressed in strocytes, and of AQP1, expressed in the choroid plexus. QP1 and 4 have in other cell types been shown to be reguated by phosphorylation. Phosphorylation affects the gating f AQP4 and the trafficking and insertion into membrane of QP1. Mercury inhibits the water permeability of AQP1 and QP9, but not AQP4. The permeability of AQP4 is increased y lead. AQP4 is also regulated by protein–protein interacion. The assembly between AQP4 and syntrophin is required or the proper localization of AQP4 in the astrocyte plasma embrane that faces capillaries. There is evidence from studes on peripheral tissues that steroid hormones regulate the xpression of AQP1, AQP4 and AQP9. There is also evidence hat the expression of AQP1 can be regulated by ubiquitinaion, and that osmolality can regulate the expression of QP1, AQP4 and AQP9. Further insight into the mechanisms y which brain AQPs are regulated will be of utmost clinical mportance, since perturbed water flow via brain AQPs has een implicated in many neurological diseases and since, in rain edema, water flow via AQP4 may have a harmful effect. 2004 IBRO. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

متن کامل

منابع مشابه

egulation of Brain Cell Death and Survival After ardiopulmonary Bypass

2006;82:2247-2253 Ann Thorac Surg William Greeley, David F. Wilson and Anna Pastuszko Tatiana Zaitseva, Steven Schultz, Gregory Schears, Peter Pastuszko, Scott Markowitz, Regulation of Brain Cell Death and Survival After Cardiopulmonary Bypass http://ats.ctsnetjournals.org/cgi/content/full/82/6/2247 located on the World Wide Web at: The online version of this article, along with updated informa...

متن کامل

Knock-out models reveal new aquaporin functions.

Knockout mice have been informative in the discovery of unexpected biological functions of aquaporins. Knockout mice have confirmed the predicted roles of aquaporins in transepithelial fluid transport, as in the urinary concentrating mechanism and glandular fluid secretion. A less obvious, though predictable role of aquaporins is in tissue swelling under stress, as in the brain in stroke, tumor...

متن کامل

Analysis of aquaporins from the euryhaline barnacle Balanus improvisus reveals differential expression in response to changes in salinity

Barnacles are sessile macro-invertebrates, found along rocky shores in coastal areas worldwide. The euryhaline bay barnacle Balanus improvisus (Darwin, 1854) (= Amphibalanus improvisus) can tolerate a wide range of salinities, but the molecular mechanisms underlying the osmoregulatory capacity of this truly brackish species are not well understood. Aquaporins are pore-forming integral membrane ...

متن کامل